According to Schätzing's "The Swarm" (2004) the seas and their inhabitants begin a violent revolution against mankind.
On the other corner, according to some researchers, in the ocean there is a Swarm of useful molecules; for instance in reportergene field, Gaussia Luciferase (GLuc) is a pretty new chemiluminescent reporter encoded by the gene isolated from the marine copepod Gaussia princeps.
This luciferase, which does not require ATP, catalyzes the oxidation of the substrate coelenterazine in a reaction that emits light (peak at 470 nm). Compared to more established luciferases like firefly (Fluc) or Renilla (Rluc), GLuc is secreted, so after synthesis doesn’t remain in the cytoplasm. Principal differences of secreted reporter genes versus intracellular reporters are:
- easy access in the cell culture supernatant,
- no requirement for complex cell lysis and sample preparation,
- cheaper profiling of expression kinetics using single culture and
- could serve as model product proteins for generic biopharmaceutical manufacturing scenarios.
There are some interests to translate secreted-reporters also in vivo, where they can be monitored in blood/urine and eventually complement more expensive in vivo bioluminescence imaging approaches (ok, I’m a fun of in vivo imaging so I can not emotionally support very well this trend). Anyway, recently I’ve observed some nice job. For instance, last year in the synthetic biology field, Weber and colleagues from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology have implemented in a mouse a synthetic time-delay gene circuit (composed of a genetic switch, diode, capacitor, resistor, transistor and lamp) in which the lamp was the secreted SEAP reporter gene. Now, Wurdinger and colleagues from Harvard states in Nature Methods, to be able to assay in just 5 μL of blood (a little drop) the presence of secreted Gaussia Luciferase, demonstrating that Gluc assay is 1000 fold more sensitive than SEAP assay. Does Gaussia GLuc foster advances in cellular circuitries, therapeutic reprogramming (diabetes) and/or manufacturing of protein therapeutics? We are waiting for ocean's tsunami...
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Weber, W., Stelling, J., Rimann, M., Keller, B., Daoud-El Baba, M., Weber, C.C., Aubel, D., Fussenegger, M. (2007). A synthetic time-delay circuit in mammalian cells and mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(8), 2643-2648. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0606398104
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